Combo Box

Combo boxes combine a text input field with a picker menu, enabling users to filter and select from longer lists based on their query.

Example

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_basic():
    option, set_option = ui.use_state("")

    return ui.combo_box(
        ui.item("red panda"),
        ui.item("cat"),
        ui.item("dog"),
        ui.item("aardvark"),
        ui.item("kangaroo"),
        ui.item("snake"),
        ui.item("ant"),
        label="Favorite Animal",
        selected_key=option,
        on_change=set_option,
    )


my_combo_box_basic = ui_combo_box_basic()

Combo Box Basic Example

UI Recommendations

Recommendations for creating clear and effective combo boxes:

The combo box’s text input simplifies searching through large lists. For lists with fewer than 6 items, use radio buttons. For lists with more than 6 items, assess if the list is complex enough to need searching and filtering, and if not, use a picker instead.
Every combo box should have a label specified. Without one, the combo box is ambiguous and not accessible.
Options in the combo box should be kept short and concise; multiple lines are strongly discouraged. If more than one line is needed, consider using a description to add context to the option.
Choose a width for your combo boxes that can accommodate most of the available options.
The field labels, menu items, and placeholder text should all be in sentence case.
Identify which combo boxes are required or optional, and use the is_required field or the necessity_indicator to mark them accordingly.
A combo box’s help text should provide actionable guidance on what to select and how to select it, offering additional context without repeating the placeholder text.
When an error occurs, the help text specified in a combo box is replaced by error text; thus, ensure both help and error text convey the same essential information to maintain consistent messaging and prevent loss of critical details.
Write error messages in a clear, concise, and helpful manner, guiding users to resolve the issue without ambiguity; ideally, they should be 1-2 short, complete sentences.

Data sources

For combo boxes, we can use a Deephaven table as a data source to populate the options. When using a table, it automatically uses the first column as both the key and label. If there are any duplicate keys, an error will be thrown; to avoid this, a select_distinct can be used on the table prior to using it as a combo box data source.

from deephaven import ui, empty_table
from deephaven.plot import express as dx


countries = dx.data.gapminder().select_distinct("Country")


my_combo_box_table_source_example = ui.combo_box(countries, label="Sample Combo box")

Item table sources

If you wish to manually specify the keys and labels, use a ui.item_table_source to dynamically derive the options from a table.

from deephaven import ui, empty_table

account_icon = "vsAccount"
columns = [
    "Key=new Integer(i)",
    "Label=new String(`Display `+i)",
    "Icon=(String) account_icon",
]
column_types = empty_table(20).update(columns)


item_table_source = ui.item_table_source(
    column_types,
    key_column="Key",
    label_column="Label",
    icon_column="Icon",
)


my_combo_box_item_table_source_example = ui.combo_box(
    item_table_source, label="User Combo box"
)

Custom Value

By default, when a combo box loses focus, it resets its input value to match the selected option’s text or clears the input if no option is selected. To allow users to enter a custom value, use the allows_custom_value prop to override this behavior.

from deephaven import ui
from deephaven.plot import express as dx

countries = dx.data.gapminder().select_distinct("Country")


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_custom_value_examples():
    value, set_value = ui.use_state("")
    value_2, set_value_2 = ui.use_state("")
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            countries,
            on_input_change=set_value,
            allows_custom_value=True,
            label="Allows custom value",
        ),
        ui.text_field(value=value),
        ui.combo_box(
            countries,
            on_input_change=set_value_2,
            allows_custom_value=False,
            label="Does not allow custom value",
        ),
        ui.text_field(value=value_2),
    ]


my_combo_box_custom_value_examples = ui_combo_box_custom_value_examples()

HTML Forms

Combo boxes can support a name prop for integration with HTML forms, allowing for easy identification of a value on form submission. The form_value prop determines whether the text or key of the selected item is submitted in an HTML form; if allows_custom_value is true, only the text is submitted.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_form_examples():
    return [
        ui.form(
            ui.combo_box(
                ui.item("Chocolate"),
                ui.item("Mint"),
                ui.item("Vanilla"),
                ui.item("Strawberry"),
                ui.item("Cookies and Cream"),
                ui.item("Coffee"),
                ui.item("Mango"),
                label="Ice cream flavor",
                allows_custom_value=True,
            ),
            ui.combo_box(
                ui.item("Panda"),
                ui.item("Cat"),
                ui.item("Dog"),
                ui.item("Hamster"),
                ui.item("Rabbit"),
                ui.item("Horse"),
                label="Favourite Animal",
                name="favouriteAnimalId",
            ),
            ui.button("Submit", type="submit"),
            on_submit=lambda event: print(event),
        )
    ]


my_combo_box_form_examples = ui_combo_box_form_examples()

Labeling

The combo box can be labeled using the label prop, and if no label is provided, an aria_label must be provided to identify the control for accessibility purposes.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_label_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            label="Pick an option",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            aria_label="Pick an option",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_label_examples = ui_combo_box_label_examples()

The is_required prop and the necessity_indicator props can be used to show whether selecting an option in the combo box is required or optional.

When the necessity_indicator prop is set to “label”, a localized string will be generated for “(required)” or “(optional)” automatically.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_required_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            label="Pick an option",
            is_required=True,
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            label="Pick an option",
            is_required=True,
            necessity_indicator="label",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Pick an option",
            necessity_indicator="label",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_required_examples = ui_combo_box_required_examples()

Selection

In a combo box, the default_selected_key or selected_key props set a selected option.

The default_selected_key is useful for simpler scenarios where you don’t need to control the state externally. The selected_key is used for scenarios where the state should be managed by the parent component, providing control and flexibility over the selection of the combo box.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_selected_key_examples():
    option, set_option = ui.use_state("Option 1")
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            default_selected_key="Option 2",
            label="Pick an option (uncontrolled)",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            selected_key=option,
            on_change=set_option,
            label="Pick an option (controlled)",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_selected_key_examples = ui_combo_box_selected_key_examples()

Sections

Combo boxes support sections to group options. Sections can be used by wrapping groups of items in a Section element. Each Section takes a title and key prop.

Note that, when searching for options, searching by section will not result in the respective options within that section appearing.

Also, sections can only be used directly, not from a table data source.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_section_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.section(
        ui.item("Option 1"),
        ui.item("Option 2"),
        ui.item("Option 3"),
        ui.item("Option 4"),
        ui.item("Option 5"),
        ui.item("Option 6"),
        ui.item("Option 7"),
        ui.item("Option 8"),
        title="Section 1",
    ),
    ui.section(
        ui.item("Option 9"),
        ui.item("Option 10"),
        ui.item("Option 11"),
        ui.item("Option 12"),
        ui.item("Option 13"),
        ui.item("Option 14"),
        ui.item("Option 15"),
        ui.item("Option 16"),
        title="Section 2",
    ),
)

Events

Combo boxes support selection via mouse, keyboard, and touch. You can handle all these via the on_change prop, which receives the selected key as an argument. Additionally, combo boxes accept an on_input_change prop, which is triggered whenever the search value is edited by the user, whether through typing or option selection.

Each interaction done in the combo box will trigger its associated event handler. For instance, typing in the input field will only trigger the on_input_change, not the on_change.

Note, this is not the case for selections; when a selection is made, both the on_change and on_input_change are triggered.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_control_example():
    input_value, set_input_value = ui.use_state("")
    selection_state, set_selection_state = ui.use_state("")

    def handle_input_change(new_value):
        set_selection_state("")
        set_input_value(new_value)
        print(f"Text changed to {input_value}")

    def handle_selection_change(new_value):
        set_input_value(new_value)
        set_selection_state(new_value)
        print(f"Selection changed to {selection_state}")

    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            input_value=input_value,
            on_input_change=handle_input_change,
            selected_key=selection_state,
            on_change=handle_selection_change,
        )
    ]


my_combo_box_control_example = ui_combo_box_control_example()

Complex items

Items within a combo box can include additional content to better convey options. You can add icons, avatars, and descriptions to the children of an ui.item. When adding a description, set the slot prop to “description” to differentiate between the text elements.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_complex_items_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.item(
        ui.icon("vsGithubAlt"),
        ui.text("Github"),
        ui.text("Github Option", slot="description"),
        text_value="Github",
    ),
    ui.item(
        ui.icon("vsAzureDevops"),
        ui.text("Azure"),
        ui.text("Azure Option", slot="description"),
        text_value="Azure",
    ),
)

Validation

The is_required prop ensures that the user selects an option. The related validation_behaviour prop allows the user to specify aria or native verification.

When the prop is set to “native”, the validation errors block form submission and are displayed as help text automatically.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_validation_behaviour_example():
    return ui.form(
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.section(ui.item("Option 1"), ui.item("Option 2"), title="Section 1"),
            validation_behavior="aria",
            is_required=True,
        )
    )


my_combo_box_validation_behaviour_example = ui_combo_box_validation_behaviour_example()

Trigger Options

By default, the combo box’s menu opens when the user types into the input field (“input”). This behavior can be changed to open on focus (“focus”) or only when the field button is clicked (“manual”) using the menu_trigger prop.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_trigger_option_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Select Option",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Select Option",
            menu_trigger="focus",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Select Option",
            menu_trigger="manual",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_trigger_option_examples = ui_combo_box_trigger_option_examples()

Label position

By default, the position of a combo box’s label is above the combo box, but it can be moved to the side using the label_position prop.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_label_position_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Test Label",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8"),
            ui.item("Option 9"),
            label="Test Label",
            label_position="side",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_label_position_examples = ui_combo_box_label_position_examples()

Quiet State

The is_quiet prop makes a combo box “quiet”. This can be useful when the combo box and its corresponding styling should not distract users from surrounding content.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_is_quiet_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.item("Option 1"),
    ui.item("Option 2"),
    ui.item("Option 3"),
    ui.item("Option 4"),
    ui.item("Option 5"),
    ui.item("Option 6"),
    ui.item("Option 7"),
    ui.item("Option 8"),
    ui.item("Option 9"),
    is_quiet=True,
)

Disabled State

The is_disabled prop disables a combo box to prevent user interaction. This is useful when the combo box should be visible but unavailable for selection.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_is_disabled_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.item("Option 1"),
    ui.item("Option 2"),
    ui.item("Option 3"),
    ui.item("Option 4"),
    ui.item("Option 5"),
    ui.item("Option 6"),
    ui.item("Option 7"),
    ui.item("Option 8"),
    ui.item("Option 9"),
    is_disabled=True,
)

Read-only State

The is_read_only prop prevents user input in a combo box, but the selected option should be visible.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_is_read_only_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.item("Option 1", key="Option 1"),
    ui.item("Option 2", key="Option 2"),
    ui.item("Option 3", key="Option 3"),
    ui.item("Option 4", key="Option 4"),
    ui.item("Option 5", key="Option 5"),
    ui.item("Option 6", key="Option 6"),
    ui.item("Option 7", key="Option 7"),
    ui.item("Option 8", key="Option 8"),
    default_selected_key="Option 1",
    is_read_only=True,
)

Help text

A combo box can have both a description and an error_message. The description remains visible at all times. Use the error message to offer specific guidance on how to correct the input.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_help_text_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.section(
                ui.item("Option 1", key="Option 1"),
                ui.item("Option 2", key="Option 2"),
                ui.item("Option 3", key="Option 3"),
                ui.item("Option 4", key="Option 4"),
                ui.item("Option 5", key="Option 5"),
                ui.item("Option 6", key="Option 6"),
                ui.item("Option 7", key="Option 7"),
                ui.item("Option 8", key="Option 8"),
                title="Section 1",
            ),
            label="Sample Label",
            description="Enter a comment.",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.section(
                ui.item("Option 1", key="Option 1"),
                ui.item("Option 2", key="Option 2"),
                ui.item("Option 3", key="Option 3"),
                ui.item("Option 4", key="Option 4"),
                ui.item("Option 5", key="Option 5"),
                ui.item("Option 6", key="Option 6"),
                ui.item("Option 7", key="Option 7"),
                ui.item("Option 8", key="Option 8"),
                title="Section 1",
            ),
            label="Sample Label",
            validation_state="invalid",
            error_message="Sample invalid error message.",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_help_text_examples = ui_combo_box_help_text_examples()

Contextual Help

Using the contextual_help prop, a ui.contextual_help can be placed next to the label to provide additional information about the combo box.

from deephaven import ui


my_combo_box_contextual_help_example = ui.combo_box(
    ui.section(
        ui.item("Option 1"),
        ui.item("Option 2"),
        ui.item("Option 3"),
        ui.item("Option 4"),
        ui.item("Option 5"),
        ui.item("Option 6"),
        ui.item("Option 7"),
        ui.item("Option 8"),
        title="Section 1",
    ),
    label="Sample Label",
    contextual_help=ui.contextual_help(
        ui.heading("Content tips"), ui.content("Tips for the content.")
    ),
)

Custom width

The width prop adjusts the width of a combo box, and the max_width prop enforces a maximum width.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_width_examples():
    return [
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1", key="Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2", key="Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3", key="Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4", key="Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5", key="Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6", key="Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7", key="Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8", key="Option 8"),
            width="size-3600",
        ),
        ui.combo_box(
            ui.item("Option 1", key="Option 1"),
            ui.item("Option 2", key="Option 2"),
            ui.item("Option 3", key="Option 3"),
            ui.item("Option 4", key="Option 4"),
            ui.item("Option 5", key="Option 5"),
            ui.item("Option 6", key="Option 6"),
            ui.item("Option 7", key="Option 7"),
            ui.item("Option 8", key="Option 8"),
            width="size-3600",
            max_width="100%",
        ),
    ]


my_combo_box_width_examples = ui_combo_box_width_examples()

Align and Direction

The align prop sets the text alignment of the options in the combo box, while the direction prop specifies which direction the menu will open.

from deephaven import ui


@ui.component
def ui_combo_box_alignment_direction_examples():
    return ui.view(
        ui.flex(
            ui.combo_box(
                ui.item("Option 1"),
                ui.item("Option 2"),
                ui.item("Option 3"),
                ui.item("Option 4"),
                ui.item("Option 5"),
                ui.item("Option 6"),
                ui.item("Option 7"),
                ui.item("Option 8"),
                align="end",
                menu_width="size-3000",
            ),
            ui.combo_box(
                ui.item("Option 1"),
                ui.item("Option 2"),
                ui.item("Option 3"),
                ui.item("Option 4"),
                ui.item("Option 5"),
                ui.item("Option 6"),
                ui.item("Option 7"),
                ui.item("Option 8"),
                direction="top",
            ),
            gap="size-150",
            direction="column",
        ),
        padding=40,
    )


my_combo_box_alignment_direction_examples = ui_combo_box_alignment_direction_examples()

API Reference

A combo box that can be used to search or select from a list. Children should be one of five types:

If children are of type Item, they are the dropdown options.
If children are of type SectionElement, they are the dropdown sections.
If children are of type Table, the values in the table are the dropdown options.

Returns: BaseElement The rendered ComboBox.

Parameters	Type	Default	Description
*children	str \| int \| float \| bool \| BaseElement \| Element \| Table \| PartitionedTable \| ItemTableSource		The options to render within the combo box.
menu_trigger	Literal['focus', 'input', 'manual'] \| None	'input'	The interaction required to display the ComboBox menu.
is_quiet	bool \| None	None	Whether the ComboBox should be displayed with a quiet style.
align	Literal['start', 'end'] \| None	'end'	Alignment of the menu relative to the input target.
direction	Literal['bottom', 'top'] \| None	'bottom'	Direction the menu will render relative to the ComboBox.
loading_state	Literal['loading', 'sorting', 'loadingMore', 'error', 'idle', 'filtering'] \| None	None	The current loading state of the ComboBox. Determines whether or not the progress circle should be shown.
should_flip	bool	True	Whether the menu should automatically flip direction when space is limited.
menu_width	str \| float \| None	None	Width of the menu. By default, matches width of the combobox. Note that the minimum width of the dropdown is always equal to the combobox's width.
form_value	Literal['key', 'text'] \| None	'text'	Whether the text or key of the selected item is submitted as part of an HTML form. When allowsCustomValue is true, this option does not apply and the text is always submitted.
should_focus_wrap	bool \| None	None	Whether keyboard navigation is circular.
input_value	str \| None	None	The value of the search input (controlled).
default_input_value	str \| None	None	The default value of the search input (uncontrolled).
allows_custom_value	bool \| None	None	Whether the ComboBox allows a non-item matching input value to be set.
disabled_keys	list[str \| int \| float \| bool] \| None	None	The item keys that are disabled. These items cannot be selected, focused, or otherwise interacted with.
selected_key	str \| int \| float \| bool \| None \| UndefinedType	<deephaven.ui.types.types.UndefinedType object>	The currently selected key in the collection (controlled).
default_selected_key	str \| int \| float \| bool \| None	None	The initial selected key in the collection (uncontrolled).
is_disabled	bool \| None	None	Whether the input is disabled.
is_read_only	bool \| None	None	Whether the input can be selected but not changed by the user.
is_required	bool \| None	None	Whether user input is required on the input before form submission.
validation_behavior	Literal['aria', 'native']	'aria'	Whether to use native HTML form validation to prevent form submission when the value is missing or invalid, or mark the field as required or invalid via ARIA.
auto_focus	bool \| None	None	Whether the element should receive focus on render.
label	None \| bool \| int \| str \| Element \| List[NodeType]	None	The content to display as the label.
description	Element \| None	None	A description for the field. Provides a hint such as specific requirements for what to choose.
error_message	Element \| None	None	An error message for the field.
name	str \| None	None	The name of the input element, used when submitting an HTML form.
validation_state	Literal['valid', 'invalid'] \| None	None	Whether the input should display its "valid" or "invalid" visual styling.
label_position	Literal['top', 'side']	'top'	The label's overall position relative to the element it is labeling.
label_align	Literal['start', 'end'] \| None	None	The label's horizontal alignment relative to the element it is labeling.
necessity_indicator	Literal['icon', 'label'] \| None	None	Whether the required state should be shown as an icon or text.
contextual_help	Element \| None	None	A ContextualHelp element to place next to the label.
key	str \| None	None	A unique identifier used by React to render elements in a list.