update_by

update_by performs one or more UpdateByOperations grouped by zero or more key columns to calculate cumulative or window-based aggregations of columns in a source table. Operations include cumulative sums, moving averages, EMAs, etc.

The aggregations are defined by the provided operations, which support incremental aggregations over the corresponding rows in the source table. Cumulative aggregations use all rows in the source table, whereas rolling aggregations will apply position or time-based windowing relative to the current row. Calculations are performed over all rows or each row group as identified by the provided key columns.

Syntax

update_by(ops: list[UpdateByOperation], by: list[str] = []) -> Table

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description
ops	list[UpdateByOperation]	A list containing one or more UpdateByOperations. The following UpdateByOperations are available: cum_max cum_min cum_prod cum_sum delta ema_tick ema_time emmax_tick emmax_time emmin_tick emmin_time ems_tick ems_time forward_fill rolling_avg_tick rolling_avg_time rolling_formula_tick rolling_formula_time rolling_group_tick rolling_group_time rolling_max_tick rolling_max_time rolling_min_tick rolling_min_time rolling_prod_tick rolling_prod_time rolling_std_tick rolling_std_time rolling_sum_tick rolling_sum_time
by optional	list[str]	Zero or more key columns that group rows of the table. The default is [], which means no key columns.

Returns

A new table with rolling window operations applied to the specified column(s).

Examples

In the following example, a source table is created. The source table contains two columns: Letter and X. An update_by is applied to the source table, which calculates the cumulative sum of the X column. The Letter column is given as the by column. Letter is A when RowIndex is even, and B when odd. Thus, the result table contains a new column, SumX, which contains the cumulative sum of the X column, grouped by Letter.

from deephaven.updateby import cum_sum
from deephaven import empty_table

source = empty_table(10).update(["Letter = (i % 2 == 0) ? `A` : `B`", "X = i"])

result = source.update_by(ops=cum_sum(cols=["SumX = X"]), by=["Letter"])

source

result

The following example takes the same source data, but instead computes a rolling sum using rolling_sum_tick. The rolling sum is calculated given a window of two rows back, and two rows ahead. Thus, SumX has the windowed sum of a five-row window, where each value is at the center of the window. Rows at the beginning and end of the table don't have enough data above and below them, respectively, so their summed values are smaller.

from deephaven.updateby import rolling_sum_tick
from deephaven import empty_table

source = empty_table(10).update(["Letter = (i % 2 == 0) ? `A` : `B`", "X = i"])

result = source.update_by(
    ops=rolling_sum_tick(cols=["RollingSumX = X"], rev_ticks=3, fwd_ticks=2),
    by=["Letter"],
)

source

result

The following example builds on the previous examples by adding a second data column, Y, to the source table. The cum_sum UpdateByOperation is then given two columns, so that the cumulative sum of the X and Y columns are both calculated.

from deephaven.updateby import cum_sum
from deephaven import empty_table

source = empty_table(10).update(
    ["Letter = (i % 2 == 0) ? `A` : `B`", "X = i", "Y = randomInt(0, 10)"]
)

result = source.update_by(ops=cum_sum(cols=["SumX = X", "SumY = Y"]), by=["Letter"])

source

result

The following example modifies the previous example by performing two separate UpdateByOperations. The first uses cum_sum on the X column like the previous example, but instead performs a tick-based rolling sum on the Y column with rolling_sum_tick.

from deephaven.updateby import cum_sum, rolling_sum_tick
from deephaven import empty_table

source = empty_table(10).update(
    ["Letter = (i % 2 == 0) ? `A` : `B`", "X = i", "Y = randomInt(0, 10)"]
)

result = source.update_by(
    ops=[
        cum_sum(cols=["SumX = X"]),
        rolling_sum_tick(cols=["RollingSumY = Y"], rev_ticks=2, fwd_ticks=1),
    ],
    by=["Letter"],
)

source

result

The following example builds on previous examples by adding a second key column, Truth, which contains boolean values. Thus, groups are defined by unique combinations of the Letter and Truth columns.

from deephaven.updateby import cum_sum, rolling_sum_tick
from deephaven import empty_table

source = empty_table(10).update(
    [
        "Letter = (i % 2 == 0) ? `A` : `B`",
        "Truth = randomBool()",
        "X = i",
        "Y = randomInt(0, 10)",
    ]
)

result = source.update_by(
    ops=[
        cum_sum(cols=["SumX = X"]),
        rolling_sum_tick(cols=["RollingSumY = Y"], rev_ticks=2, fwd_ticks=1),
    ],
    by=["Letter", "Truth"],
)

source

result

Related documentation

• How to use update_by
• Create an empty table
• OperationControl
• cum_sum
• rolling_sum_tick
• ternary conditional operator
• update
• update_by
• Javadoc
• Pydoc